I think the line between these two categories is less defined than it once was. A well set up vscode environment is functionally very comparable to the equivalent jetbrains product. The difference mostly lies I think it how “out of the box” the set up is.
Yeah I think it varies by ecosystem. Java and C# have really good IDE support, made possible because those languages were designed in a way that made the jobs of IDEs simpler. For more dynamic languages like JS and Python, there’s less that an IDE can offer that isn’t easily provided as a plugin. For languages like Rust I think there is more potential for high IDE support, but up to this point I think text editors have dominated due to general preference and a lack of entrenched ecosystem support.