The FSF-approved distributions that are shown are: Trisquel, Parabola and GNU Guix (this one is actually quite neat, it’s based on NixOS with its own ideas like the importance of being able to bootstrap an entire system from a minimal binary seed)

The browser with logo shown is GNU IceCat, with binary blobs removed and with some extra security and privacy features (among them an addon that prevents the browser from running proprietary javascript)

lynx is a simple TUI web browser and w3m also is a similar browser but running in GNU Emacs

The last three are all the GNU Emacs logo.