What would octopus-Earth look like?

Octopuses might build underwater habitats, find new ways to interact with their surroundings, and even reach beyond the waves one day.

“Would octopuses build vast underwater cities and come onto land wearing breathing apparatus to shoot a deer? We’ve no way of knowing,” he says.

No one predicted that ancient primates would slowly turn into bipedal humans with advanced technology.

Coulson believes that “random mutations, unforeseen extinction events, and population bottlenecks can all significantly influence the trajectory of evolution.” This means the future is wide open, shaped by countless variables that scientists can’t fully predict.