iPhones are a closed platform.

Not like consoles, they are not. Anyone can develop for them, the only barrier is a small license fee and a Mac. Nintendo, Sony and MS will straight up not sell you an SDK if you are not an established gaming or educational organisation.

They are essentially an app console. They have never been sold to consumers or presented to developers as anything else.

They have been sold as general purpose devices that, like I said, anyone can develop for. Again, they are nothing like consoles.

For what it’s worth, almost all of the in-app revenue at the center of this discussion is gaming revenue. Everything else is a rounding error.

Spotify would disagree.