I went ahead and read the article. I know a bit about quantum computing. Here’s my summary of it:

Entanglement is a useful resource for quantum networking, enabling things like quantum-secure communication and distributed quantum computing.

TLDR The paper describes algorithms to more efficiently create a form of entanglement that’s useful from the error-prone “dirty” entanglement you get from entanglement-generating hardware.

When you make entanglement, it often doesn’t come out perfect, and you need a technique to “distill” “good” entangled states out of a collection of “dirty” entangled states.

The typical “rules” for this involve two parties that create dirty shared entanglement (shared entanglement means a pair of entangled qubits, but each party has one of the qubits). They can then do whatever they like with their qubits individually and can communicate (over classical channels e.g. the internet) but they can’t do anything “quantum” between the two of them.

This paper analyzes the case where there is a 3rd party that follows these same rules but has been previously set up as an “entanglement battery”, which means preparing it in a special state from which entanglement can be “borrowed” or “returned” to the battery using only local operations and classical communication.

In particular it’s looking for “reversible” (meaning no loss in total entanglement over the process) “entanglement manipulation” (changing the entanglement from one form into another, presumably more useful form). It goes into a lot of analysis as to what the limits on this process are, and makes analogies to how engines work in thermodynamics.

This sounds like someone learning. It’s incredibly hard to admit you were wrong and do better. Don’t shame her for it.

4 packets

I think I have had an instructor put a mirror in the pool before lol

I doubt someone who has only ever read about swimming could do it in deep, cold water. But they are talking about taking it to a swimming pool to practice. I think they’ll be fine.

Probably. Take it to the shallow part of a pool (where you can stand up if you need to) and practice until you are comfortable trying more.

Also, watch some videos. I think it’s easier to learn something like swimming by watching others than by reading about it.

The extra $20 is for taking the test again with the answer sheet next to you

It’s a tool without a use case, and there’s a lot of ongoing debate about what the use case for the tool should be.

It’s completely valid to want the tool to just be a tool and “nothing more”.

When done well it greatly expands the game’s replayability.

When done poorly it feels bland and boring.

You should have to fill it in by climbing a big tower

I live in a bigger US city that does have a metro. It’s not bad for doing longer trips in certain directions, when it’s working. But it breaks down at least a few times a year, and if you have to make a transfer to another train to make it to your destination, it’s often literally faster to walk.

Considering each chair is built for that specific member, I think you have to take each chair owner’s anatomy into account.

Coffee

I spent a few $1000 on the computer, I’ll spend $100 more to make it look fancy

Private servers are not always a viable alternative option for players as the protections we put in place to secure players’ data, remove illegal content, and combat unsafe community content would not exist and would leave rights holders liable.

Then it sounds like the legislation enforcing leaving private servers on the table should also move the liability to whoever is hosting the servers. I’d be surprised if it doesn’t work that way already tbh.

But can electromagnetism at all emerge if the quantum mechanics dont exist to emerge things like magnetism and some of the behavior of electrons?

Short answer: yes.

Technically the world can’t exist without all of its physics. But that’s kinda backwards from how you study it. Quantum mechanics isn’t “more correct” than classical mechanics, it’s more that it’s “more detailed”.

If you want to model an electromagnet, an electronic circuit, light (in most macroscopic situations), how permanent magnets interact, electrostatic situations like how static electricity makes your hair stand up, lightning, the magnetic fields of celestial bodies like the Earth and Sun (they are big electromagnets), etc. you will use “classical” electromagnetism (meaning Newton’s mechanics, possibly with Einstein’s modifications, and Maxwell’s equations).

If you want to model material science situations, like determining what material to make a diode or transistor out of, or if a given material can become a permanent magnet, you will likely need quantum mechanics to help model the interactions of electrons on the atomic scale. The section on Wikipedia you were looking at is about this kind of material science. You do this by combining the same “classical electromagnetic” equations with Schrödinger’s equations for quantum mechanics.

diamagnetism, paramagnetism and ferromagnetism can be fully explained only using quantum theory

The magnetic properties of certain materials (e.g. why an unmagnetized piece of iron sticks to a magnet of either polarization), the way permanent magnets work, is best explained by quantum mechanics.

However, the electromagnetic force itself doesn’t “arise” from quantum mechanics, and you can explain things like electromagnets and a lot of common electric circuits (until you need a transistor) quite well without considering quantum mechanics.

Usually you take the “classical” formula for a force and to inform your quantum mechanical model of particles, and that’s how you can arrive at things like deriving how permanent magnets work with the help of w quantum mechanics.

Generally, a lot of material science and chemistry is inherently quantum mechanical because the way atomic orbitals and molecular bonds work is heavily quantum mechanical.

Fundamental means it cannot be explained by being caused by something else.

Fundamental force means we expect a carrier particle to explain it (for gravity that’s the Graviton, although it hasn’t been detected yet).

electromagnetism is caused by quantum phenomena.

Not even remotely true.

What is the cause for spacetime or quantummechanics? Idk but somehow they don’t make it on the list of fundamental forces.

Quantum mechanics is mostly that statistics is more complicated than we all thought . Seeking a cause for spacetime is interesting. It might be relevant to mention that there is a fundamental particle that imparts mass, which we call the Higgs Boson. I guess that could make mass and inertia something of a “fundamental force”.

Supporters seem to be under the impression that companies have a “sever.exe” file they purposefully don’t provide players because they’re evil and hate you.

There is some truth to this

They could also be contracting out matchmaking services to a third party and don’t actually do it in-house. Software development is complex and building something that will be used by 100,000 people simultaneously isn’t easy.

There is some truth to this too.

Making an MMO maintainable by the userbase might be complicated. But way more common are games that could easily have LAN based multiplayer but the company decides not to add it, or even singleplayer games that require an internet connection, just so the company can put limits on how and when the game is played.

A