Lee Sang-joon, 21, who is taking the test for the third time, told AFP he was “so happy” when he learned about the reforms, which gave him fresh hope of pursuing a medical career. This year is his “final chance” to succeed, he said. “It was nearly impossible to go to medical school, the top 0.01 percent in the country could go in. Now it’s about 0.015 percent, which sounds like a chance to me”.

Thousands of trainee doctors and medical students stopped working in February in protest of the plans, which sharply increased the number of places available for trainee doctors. But the government has pressed ahead, even as a roughly nine-month work stoppage has hit hospitals across the country.

To minimise noise around the more than 1,200 test centres nationwide, traffic has been ordered to slow, with bus and taxi driver unions agreeing not to honk during test hours. Construction work near the schools will also be halted. During the crucial listening portion of the English test, the land ministry imposed a nationwide ban on all aircraft takeoffs and landings outside of emergency situations.

Businesses were asked to adjust opening hours to alleviate traffic congestion and ensure that students arrived on time for the test, which started at 8:40 am. Even the stock market will also open an hour later at 10:00 am.

Anxious parents wept while wishing their children good luck and police escorted test-takers who were running late into schools early Thursday.